使用web3.js执行tx

合约代码

//SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

contract Incrementer {
    event Reset();
    uint256 public number;

    constructor(uint256 _initaNumer) {
        number = _initaNumer;
    }

    function increment(uint256 _value) public {
        number = number + _value;
    }

    function reset() public {
        number = 0;
        emit Reset();
    }

    function getNumber() public view returns (uint256) {
        return number;
    }
}

js合约交互代码

let Web3 = require('web3');
let solc = require('solc');
let fs = require('fs');

//从配置中获取私钥
require('dotenv').config();
const privatekey = process.env.PRIVATE_KEY;

//加载合约
const source = fs.readFileSync('Incrementer.sol', 'utf8');
//编译solidity文件
const input = {
    language: 'Solidity',
    sources: {
        "Incrementer.sol": {
            content: source,
        },
    },
    settings: {
        outputSelection: {
            '*': {
                '*': ['*'],
            },
        },
    },
};
const tempFile = JSON.parse(solc.compile(JSON.stringify(input)));
const contractFile = tempFile.contracts['Incrementer.sol']['Incrementer'];

const bytecode = contractFile.evm.bytecode.object;
const abi = contractFile.abi;

//创建一个web3的提供者
const web3 = new Web3('https://goerli.infura.io/v3/' + process.env.INFURA_ID);

//根据私钥创建账户
const account = web3.eth.accounts.privateKeyToAccount(privatekey);

const account_from = {
    privateKey: privatekey,
    accountAddress: account.address,
};

//部署合约
const Deploy = async () => {
    // //创建合约实例
    // const deployContract = new web3.eth.Contract(abi);
    // //发送部署tx
    // const deployTx = deployContract.deploy({
    //     data: bytecode,
    //     arguments: [111],
    // });
    // //签名tx
    // const deployTransaction = await web3.eth.accounts.signTransaction(
    //     {
    //         data: deployTx.encodeABI(),
    //         gas: 8000000,
    //     },
    //     account_from.privateKey
    // );
    // const deployReceipt = await web3.eth.sendSignedTransaction(deployTransaction.rawTransaction);
    // console.log(`Contract deployed at address: ${deployReceipt.contractAddress}`);

    console.log("============================================");
    
    console.log("通过getnumber获取参数的值");

    let incrementInstance = new web3.eth.Contract(abi, "0xAdD6C000C32c1A672f252fFf458e366948921C97");
    let initNum = await incrementInstance.methods.getNumber().call();
    console.log("当前初始化值是" + initNum); 

    console.log("通过调用合约的自增方法来给合约num附上新值");
    const newValue = 2024;
    console.log(newValue);
    let incrementTx01 = incrementInstance.methods.increment(newValue);
    let incrementTransation = await web3.eth.accounts.signTransaction({
        to: "0xAdD6C000C32c1A672f252fFf458e366948921C97",
        data: incrementTx01.encodeABI(),
        gas:8000000,
    },
        account_from.privateKey
    )
    // const incrementRes = await web3.eth.sendSignedTransaction(incrementTransation.rawTransaction);
    
    // console.log('Tx successful with hash ' + incrementRes.transactionHash);

    console.log("调用reset方法发出的事件");
    let incrementTx02 = incrementInstance.methods.reset();
    let incrementTransation02 = await web3.eth.accounts.signTransaction({
        to: "0xAdD6C000C32c1A672f252fFf458e366948921C97",
        data: incrementTx02.encodeABI(),
        gas:8000000,
    },
        account_from.privateKey
    )
    // const incrementRes = await web3.eth.sendSignedTransaction(incrementTransation02.rawTransaction);

    let ResetNum = await incrementInstance.methods.getNumber().call();

    console.log("Reset后值" +ResetNum);
    console.log("--------监听事件---------");
    const web3Scoket = new Web3(new Web3.providers.WebsocketProvider(process.env.Sockets))

    let increment = new web3Scoket.eth.Contract(abi, "0xAdD6C000C32c1A672f252fFf458e366948921C97");
    increment.once('Reset', (error, event) => {
        console.log("我是一个监听事件");
    })
};
Deploy()
    .then(() => process.exit(0))
    .catch((error) => {
        console.error(error);
        process.exit(1);
    });

eth.Contract

通过此方法获得合约实列incrementInstance

let incrementInstance =new web3.eth.Contract(abi, "0xAdD6C000C32c1A672f252fFf458e366948921C97");

methods获取实例的函数方法

call调用，initNum接受返回值

let initNum = await incrementInstance.methods.getNumber().call();

需要账户签名交互的函数

incrementTx01里面有他自己的abi编码，通过encodeABI()获得

let incrementTx01 = incrementInstance.methods.increment(newValue);
let incrementTransation = await web3.eth.accounts.signTransaction({
        to: "0xAdD6C000C32c1A672f252fFf458e366948921C97",
        data: incrementTx01.encodeABI(),
        gas:8000000,
    },
        account_from.privateKey
    )
 const incrementRes = await web3.eth.sendSignedTransaction(incrementTransation.rawTransaction);

如何监听事件

console.log("--------监听事件---------");
   
const web3Scoket = new Web3(new Web3.providers.WebsocketProvider(process.env.Sockets))

let increment = new web3Scoket.eth.Contract(abi, "0xAdD6C000C32c1A672f252fFf458e366948921C97");
increment.once('Reset', (error, event) => {
    console.log("我是一个监听事件");
})